‘D,E,F’ of Metal Bending

D

“D” of Bend Centreline Radius (CLR) divided by tube diameter or nominal pipe size. (I.e. 3d, 5d etc) 8” pipe to 3d = 24” (610mm) radius.

Degree of Bend (DOB) The angle to which the bend is formed.

Diameter (Dia) A straight line passing through the centre of and touching bothsides of a circle.

Distortion A change from original shape and dimension / size.

Ductility The ability of the material to deform without fracture. This is measured by elongation of the area in a tensile test.

E

Elastic Modulus The mathematical description of an object or substance’s tendency to be deformed elastically (i.e., non-permanently) when a force is applied to it.

Elongation The increase in length of material fibres during bending, expressed as a percentage of the original length.

Extrados The outside arc of the bend (see Backwall).

F

Flattening The distortion of the cross section of pipe or tube from its normal (round) shape. (See Ovality)